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1a |
The bases of veins M1 and M2 arising from the discal cell at the same point, if a crossvein between them is present, then it is no more and 1/4-1/6 as long as the crossvein between M2 and M3  . Males holoptic . Distal part of R4+5 without dark marking. Male genitalia with basal ring that has a deep anteroventral concavity; hypoproct consisting of single, narrow lobe or of two lobes that are joint at the bases; claspers thin and S-shaped . |
| subg. Anisopus Meigen |
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2 |
| b |
| Veins M1 and M2 arising separately from the discal cell, the distance between their bases at least 2/3 the length of the crossvein between M2 and M3 . Male holoptic or dichoptic. Distal part of R4+5 with dark marking of varying intensity. Basal ring of male genitalia without anteroventral concavity; hypoproct broad, either with or without shallow posterior concavity; claspers not developed . |
| subg. Sylvicola Harris |
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5 |
| |
|
2a |
| Wing with dark band posterior of R2+3 . Hypoproct with two broad, finger-like lobes . |
| S. (A.) punctatus (Fabricius, 1787) |
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|
| b |
| Wing without dark marking posterior of R2+3 . Hypoproct differently shaped . |
|
3 |
| |
|
3a |
| Hypoproct with one pointed lobe; apex of gonocoxite with small oval plate that is beset with short setae . Female frons almost as wide as eye width (5 : 6). |
| S. (A.) fuscatoides Michelsen, 1999 |
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|
| b |
| Hypoproct with paired, apically tapering lobes; apex of gonocoxites with strongly sclerotized plate that is beset with long, golden setae . Female frons distinctly narrower than eye (2 : 3). |
|
4 |
| |
|
4a |
| Lobes of hypoproct rather slender and adjoining apically ; sclerotized plates on apices of gonocoxites with long internal projection, long golden setae only present on basal half and forming a tuft . [Female: Halters dark with pale knob. Wing with distance between R1 and R2+3 about twice as long as the distance between R2+3 and R4+5; discal cell pointed. ]. |
| S. (A.) stackelbergi Krivosheina & Menzel, 1998 |
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| b |
| Lobes of hypoproct broader and shorter, apically somewhat diverging ; sclerotized plates on apices of gonocoxites without projection, simple, with rows of inwardly curved setae along its whole length, setae more or less forming a comb . [Female: Halters pale. Wing with distance between R1 and R2+3 about three times as long as the distance between R2+3 and R4+5; discal cell truncate .] |
| S. (A.) fuscatus (Fabricius, 1775) |
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| |
|
5a |
| Wing with weakly developed yellowish spots on the apex of R4+5 and in middle of cell r1; wing membrane not darkened posterior of R2+3 . Eyes widely separated in males and females, frons slightly narrower than width of one eye. Gonostyles in male genitalia massive and broad; hypoproct broad and blunt apically, posterior margin almost straight and with pubescent lobes on anterolateral corners . |
| S. (S.) limpidus (Edwards, 1923) |
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|
| b |
| Wing with brownish spots on the apex of R4+5 and in the middle of cell r1 and otherwise with several distinct and indistinct dark spots . |
|
6 |
| |
|
6a |
| Wing strongly darkened apically and with two isolated pale spots (those in r2+3 and r4+5 are not contiguous) . Halters with blackish knob. Gonocoxites swollen apically and massive, almost rectangular in basal half, narrowed and lightly S-curved apically . |
| S. (S.) suzukii (Matsumura, 1916) |
|
|
| b |
| Wing with pale spots in r2+3 and r4+5 contiguous or pale area larger and connected to pale areas posterior of R4+5 . |
|
7 |
| |
|
7a |
| Dark apical spot in wing isolated and as a rule at most as long as the distance to the tip of R2+3, posterior margin distinct or indistinct . |
|
8 |
| b |
| Dark apical spot usually without distinct posterior margin and connected posteriorly with the dark marking stretching across r1 and r2+3, as a rule at least 1.5 time as long as the distance to the tip of R2+3. Males holoptic. Distance between bases of M1 and M2 equal to or 1.5 as long as the distance between the bases of M2 and M3 . |
|
11 |
| |
|
8a |
| Males holoptic, frons no wider than one ommatidion . Gonostyles short. Apical spot of wing dark and distinct . [Median stripe on mesonotum reaching scutellum?] |
|
9 |
| b |
| Males dichoptic, eyes widely separated. Gonostyles elongated. Apical spot of wing with indistinct posterior margin . [Median stripe on mesonotum not reaching scutellum?]. |
|
10 |
| |
|
9a |
| Gonostyles almost rectangular at base and with narrow pointed posterolateral projection, parameres (claspers?) not visible; aedeagal guide broad and posterior margin is clearly not its narrowest part . |
| S. (S.) zetterstedti (Edwards, 1923) |
|
|
| b |
| Gonostyles large, almost rectangular at base and with narrow truncate posterolateral projection; parameres well visible and with spoon-like apex; aedeagal guide less broad and gradually narrowing posteriorly . Female unknown. |
| S. (S.) baechlii Haenni, 1997 |
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| |
|
10a |
| Male: Hypoproct broadly rounded and with distal pubescent lobes; gonostyles massive and without laterobasal projection . Female: subgenital plate with two parallel dark bars . [Distance between bases of M1 and M2 about equal to distance between the bases of M2 and M3?] |
| S. (S.) cinctus (Fabricius, 1787) |
|
|
| b |
| Male: Hypoproct narrowed apically, with posterior emargination and with median pubescent lobes; gonostyles narrower and with short laterobasal projection . Female: subgenital plate without parallel dark bars . [Distance between bases of M1 and M2 about equal to 1.5 the distance between the bases of M2 and M3?] |
| S. (S.) fenestralis (Scopoli, 1763) |
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11a |
| Pale spot in r2+3 distinct and surrounded by well developed dark spots; apex of R2+3 completely darkened . Halters pale. Hypoproct massive, almost rectangular; gonostyles massive and trapezium shaped . |
| S. (S.) japonicus (Matsumura, 1915) |
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| b |
| Pale spot in r2+3 indistinct and surrounded by less distict dark markings; apex of R2+3 not darkened . Male halters with darkened knob. Hypoproct somewhat narrowed apically and with posterior emargination; gonostyles elongated and curved . |
| S. (S.) matsumurai (Okada, 1935) |
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